Force

Difference between scalar and vector
Physics

Physics

Every scientific explanation is realized with the aid of a number of physical quantities — each expresses a special meaning and significance in that context. By definition, a physical quantity is measurable and quantifiable physical property that carries unique information with it. Based on the dependency nature, such quantities can be of two types — fundamental and derived. A fundamental quantity is one that is independent of other properties; while,

Difference between fundamental unit and derived unit
Physics

Physics

Every physical “matter” intrinsically consists of one or more “properties” (such as mass, weight, length, velocity, temperature, current, etc.). By definition, every property of a matter is measurable and quantifiable. Measurement of a property can be carried out with suitable instrument. However, to quantify the measured result, a “magnitude” along with its “unit” is required to present. By definition, a unit of measurement indicates “a standardized and well-defined magnitude of

Difference Between Mass and Weight
Physics

Physics

By definition, a “matter” is any substance that has non-zero mass and occupies certain amount of space based on its volume. The amount of matter contained in a physical body is known as “mass”. Mass is a fundamental extensive property of every matter. A matter can exists in any one of four different states/forms, namely solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Irrespective of its state, the Earth attracts every matter towards

Difference between drilling and end milling
Machining

Machining

Machining is one type of manufacturing process where excess material is removed from the workpiece to impart intended shape, size and finish. It follows the principle of subtractive manufacturing approach to build 3-D components. Conventional machining processes employ a cutting tool that contain one or more shape edges, and layer by layer material is removed from the workpiece in the form of solid chips. In order to process a wide

Differences between closed coil and open coil helical spring
Solid

Solid

Spring is one elastic machine element that can absorb energy by undergoing significant amount of elastic deformation under the action of external loading and can subsequently release that energy when external load is removed. Springs are basically of two types—helical spring and leaf spring. Helical springs are made by bending wires of constant diameter in the form of a helix. Such springs are commonly used for storing and releasing energy

Difference Between Rake Surface and Flank Surface
Machining

Machining

During machining, excess material is sheared off from the workpiece in the form of chips. A cutting tool having one or more sharp cutting edge(s) compresses a thin layer of workpiece material for shearing. This cutting edge is obtained by the intersection of rake surface and flank surface. Rake surface of a cutting tool is the chip flowing surface. That means the chips that are produced due to shearing action

Rake angle and clearance angle in machining
Machining

Machining

In conventional machining, the cutting tool compresses a thin layer of work material to gradually shear it off in the from of chip. Cutting tool is basically a wedge shaped device that actually shears off material from the workpiece. This cutting tool as well as the workpiece is mounted on the machine tool maintaining proper orientation. Necessary relative velocities between workpiece and cutter (in the form of cutting velocity, feed

Classification of rake angles positive rake negative rake and zero rake from differencebox.com
Machining

Machining

Rake angle of the cutting tool is defined as the angle of orientation of tool’s rake surface from the reference plane (πR) and measured on some other plane. Depending on the plane on which it is projected and measured, it may have various names. At the same time, rake angle may have positive, negative or even zero value based on the inclination of rake surface from reference plane. Each of

Cutting velocity and cutting speed in straight turning
Machining

Machining

Conventional machining operation utilizes a wedge shaped cutting tool having one or more sharp cutting edges to facilitate shearing. To achieve material removal, three relative motions between workpiece and cutting tool are indispensably necessary. These are also called process parameters. One of such three relative motions is cutting velocity, other two being feed motion and depth of cut. In few machining processes, the cutting velocity is imparted either by rotating

Differences between flood cooling and MQL
Machining

Machining

In conventional machining operations, the cutting tool comes in physical contact with the workpiece to remove material in the form of chips. This chips flow over the rake surface of the tool before leaving the cutting zone. Presence of relative velocity under high contact pressure between the flowing chips and rake surface of the tool leads to excessive rubbing and heat generation. Excessive cutting heat or temperature has several detrimental

Difference between up milling and down milling
Machining

Machining

Milling is one type of conventional machining process primarily for generating flat or stepped surfaces. In peripheral milling, cutting velocity is imparted by rotating the milling cutter about a fixed horizontal axis; whereas, the feed rate is imparted by moving the workpiece (basically worktable) against the rotating milling cutter. Since both cutting velocity and feed rate are vector quantities, so based on their mutual directions, peripheral milling can be classified